Fig. 4

Predictive models for detection recurrence of ESCC by 5hmC biomarkers in cfDNA. A Heatmaps showcasing the 11 5hmC markers for patients with and without recurrence in training cohorts, incorporating demographic details such as age and sex. B Heatmaps showcasing the 11 5hmC markers for patients with and without recurrence in validation cohorts, incorporating demographic details such as age and sex. C ROC curves of the recurrence classification model using 11 5hmC markers in training cohorts, plotting the true positive rate (sensitivity) against the false positive rate (1-specificity). D ROC curves of the recurrence classification model using 11 5hmC markers in validation cohorts, plotting the true positive rate (sensitivity) against the false positive rate (1-specificity). E–F Confusion matrices derived from the recurrence prediction model for each cohort