Table 3 Univariate and Multivariate Analyses of Risk Factors for PPI

Sex

 Male

1

 Female

0.916

0.520–1.545

Age

1.007

0.981–1.035

Drink

 No

1

 Yes

1.141

0.736–1.746

Smoke

 No

1

 Yes

1.341

0.888–2.021

BMI

 > 18 kg/m²

1

1

 ≤ 18 kg/m²

4.502

2.370–8.481

2.516

1.264–5.059

Lung diseases

 No

1

1

 Yes

2.383

1.336–4.139

1.805

0.995–3.259

Diabetes

 No

1

 Yes

0.585

0.171–1.518

Hypertension

 No

1

 Yes

0.788

0.429–1.367

CHD

 No

1

 Yes

0.361

0.058–1.235

Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy

 No

1

 Yes

1.120

0.668–1.824

(FEV1/FVC)/prediction

 ≥ 90%

1

1

 80–90%

2.456

1.074–5.290

2.445

1.031–5.822

 70–80%

1.076

0.623–1.791

 < 70%

0.748

0.479–1.188

Hb

 ≥ 100 g/L

1

 < 100 g/L

1.006

0.996–1.017

ALB

 ≥ 35 g/L

1

 < 35 g/L

0.357

0.122–1.040

Neck incision

 No

1

1

 Yes

3.037

1.879–5.104

0.850

0.365–1.992

Approach to chest

 Thoracoscopic

1

1

 Transdiaphragmatic-hiatal

1.863

0.709–4.395

 Open

1.171

1.082–1.319

1.182

1.075–1.440

Approach to abdomen

 Laparoscopic

1

 Open

0.712

0.372–1.459

Ostomy

 No

1

1

 Yes

2.560

1.640–4.098

1.634

0.895–2.973

Nutrimental Vessel

 No

1

1

 Yes

2.795

1.968–4.000

0.835

0.455–1.536

Operation time

1.004

1.002–1.006

1.001

1.001–1.002

Blood loss

1.000

0.999–1.000

Blood transfusion

 No

1

 Yes

0.944

0.405–2.027

Site of tumor

 Upper

1

1

 Middle

1.978

1.403–2.794

0.602

0.278–1.312

 Lower

0.432

0.304–0.610

0.666

0.291–1.527

 Size of tumor

0.961

0.863–1.064

Anastomotic methods

 Hand-sewn closure

1

 Instrumental anastomosis

0.688

0.448–1.069

Pathology type

 Adenocarcinoma

1

1

 Squamous cell carcinoma

3.969

2.666–6.038

1.609

0.860–3.066

 Others

0.901

0.388–1.922

TNM stage, n (%)

 I

1

 II

1.428

0.925–2.184

 III

1.163

0.751–1.780

 IV

0.264

0.109–0.546

1.206

0.614–2.333